World War II Erupts Credit: Photo by Hugo Jaeger/Timepix/ Time Life Pictures/G
Image Detective: Is the event in the photo a violation of the treaty ? (pp. 736-737 Anthem) Recall from WWI Germany's problems with Treaty of Versailles1. Reparations2. War Guilt3. Loss of land farming & industry4. Loss of colonies - imperial pride
The Rise of Hitler and Early Policies of Antisemitism Under the Third Reich
Purpose
The purpose of the this lesson is for students to make connections about the far-reaching effects that the Great Depression and the Treaty of Versailles had on the German people and the political struggle for democracy which failed in Germany during the interwar years. Students will begin the examination & definition of Antisemitism was not a new phenomenon in Germany, and that it was encouraged in the media under the growing influence during the rise of the Hitler and the Nazi Party in the early 1920s. This will connect with their learning in the ELA classes in which they read Elie Weisel's Night.
Essential Questions
How did the political and economic conditions of the 1930s lead to the rise of Hitler and the Third Reich?
After coming to power, what actions did Hitler take to restrict the civil rights of German-Jews and other political foes beginning in 1933?
How did the media affect German perception of the Jewish population during the interwar years?
Massachusetts State Frameworks:
USII.15 Analyze how German aggression in Europe and Japanese aggression in Asia contributed to the start of World War II and summarize the major battles and events of the war. On a map of the world, locate the Allied powers (Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States) and Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan). (H, G) A. Fascism in Germany and Italy B. German rearmament and militarization of the Rhineland C. Germany’s seizure of Austria and Czechoslovakia and Germany’s invasion of Poland D. Japan’s invasion of China and the Rape of Nanking
WHII.21 Describe the rise and goal of totalitarianism In Italy, Germany, and the Soviet Union, and analyze the Policies and ideas of Mussolini, Hitler, Lenin, and Stalin.(H)
Germany After WWI
Most accounts of the end of World War I and the origins of World War II contain some discussion of the “stab in the back,” the claim that the German army had not been defeated but was betrayed by the civilian leadership. This wasn’t merely a Nazi propaganda line, either – many Germans heading home from France, Belgium, Romania, Italy, Russia, etc. really did believe it. Never mind the facts. The military leaders had told the Kaiser that the army and navy would no longer support him; naval mutineers had refused to fight any more; the army high command had sought the armistice before Allied armies hit German soil; and the home front was literally starving and rioting. Nevertheless, the legend of the “stab in the back” became darn near holy writ. So, while the Nazis didn’t create the “stab in the back” legend, they certainly exploited it to devastating effect.
Watch Video above - In Pairs : Write 3 short newspaper headlines -
This chart compares the value of the German mark with that of the dollar between 1914 and November 1923. As it took more and more marks to equal a dollar, the purchasing power of each mark plummeted. You can see how this inflation began after World War I and then skyrocketed in 1923. German currency became virtually useless; people needed whole suitcases full of money to pay even small debts. Finally in November the government stabilized the currency at the rate of one trillion old marks to one new one.
Hitler: Acts of Antisemitism or Violations of the Treaty of Versailles?? You make the call
Read the chart and write your reactions to events in Germany beginning in 1933. Are any of these actions violating the Treaty of Versailles? If so, what should be done about it and who would be responsible for holding Hitler & Germany to the terms of the treaty?
Mark up the quotes below & discuss them your partner
Quote Analysis - Neville Chamberlain
Quote Analysis - Winston Churchill
“[W]e should seek by all means in our power to avoid war, by analyzing possible causes, by trying to remove them, by discussion in a spirit of collaboration and good will. I cannot believe that such a programme would be rejected by the people of this country, even if it does mean the establishment of personal contact with dictators.”
Neville Chamberlain, 1938
“The Prime Minister desires to see cordial relations between this country and Germany…. You must have diplomatic and correct relations, but there can never be friendship between the British democracy and the Nazi Power.”
Winston Churchill, 1938
What do both of these mean feel about appeasing Hitler?
Soviet - Non-Aggression Pact - 1939 Opener: What is another word forpact? - Use your textbook, translator, or phone to find a synonym for this term. Think/Write/Pair/Share --- Report to Class
So What? Read pp.747 - Find the term Soviet Non-Aggression Pact(It's not in bold)
Turn-n-Talk to your partner - what is the meaning of this meeting ? Now watch the documentary "Behind Closed Doors".....Then write what you understand
Image Detective: Is the event in the photo a violation of the treaty ? (pp. 736-737 Anthem) Recall from WWI
Germany's problems with Treaty of Versailles1. Reparations2. War Guilt3. Loss of land farming & industry4. Loss of colonies - imperial pride
The Rise of Hitler and Early Policies of Antisemitism Under the Third Reich
Purpose
The purpose of the this lesson is for students to make connections about the far-reaching effects that the Great Depression and the Treaty of Versailles had on the German people and the political struggle for democracy which failed in Germany during the interwar years. Students will begin the examination & definition of Antisemitism was not a new phenomenon in Germany, and that it was encouraged in the media under the growing influence during the rise of the Hitler and the Nazi Party in the early 1920s. This will connect with their learning in the ELA classes in which they read Elie Weisel's Night.Essential Questions
How did the political and economic conditions of the 1930s lead to the rise of Hitler and the Third Reich?
After coming to power, what actions did Hitler take to restrict the civil rights of German-Jews and other political foes beginning in 1933?
Massachusetts State Frameworks:
USII.15 Analyze how German aggression in Europe and Japanese aggression in Asia contributed to the start of World War II and summarize the major battles and events of the war. On a map of the world, locate the Allied powers (Britain, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States) and Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan). (H, G) A. Fascism in Germany and Italy B. German rearmament and militarization of the Rhineland C. Germany’s seizure of Austria and Czechoslovakia and Germany’s invasion of Poland D. Japan’s invasion of China and the Rape of Nanking
WHII.21 Describe the rise and goal of totalitarianism In Italy, Germany, and the Soviet Union, and analyze the Policies and ideas of Mussolini, Hitler, Lenin, and Stalin.(H)
Germany After WWI
Most accounts of the end of World War I and the origins of World War II contain some discussion of the “stab in the back,” the claim that the German army had not been defeated but was betrayed by the civilian leadership. This wasn’t merely a Nazi propaganda line, either – many Germans heading home from France, Belgium, Romania, Italy, Russia, etc. really did believe it. Never mind the facts. The military leaders had told the Kaiser that the army and navy would no longer support him; naval mutineers had refused to fight any more; the army high command had sought the armistice before Allied armies hit German soil; and the home front was literally starving and rioting. Nevertheless, the legend of the “stab in the back” became darn near holy writ. So, while the Nazis didn’t create the “stab in the back” legend, they certainly exploited it to devastating effect.
Watch Video above - In Pairs : Write 3 short newspaper headlines -
The Great Depression Affects Europe & Germany
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism according to Holt Rinehart Winston "Legacy" - .the attempt by a government to control all aspect of life.
must possess a single ideology which must be "accepted" by all
one single mass party which is typically controlled by one person to whom the central govt answers
a monopoly over the armed forces
means of mass communication suppressed
use of paramilitary force - secret police
manage the direction of the economy
How does a Fascist dictator differ from a Communist Dictator?
Hitler's Artwork - You decide...Hitler: Charismatic Speechmaker
Mein Kampf - Quote Analysis - What do you think this quote is saying?
”the personification of the devil as the symbol of all evil assumes the living shape of the Jew.” -Adolf Hitler 1923
1939 - English translation - "the scourge of God, Polish Jews"
More Totalitarian Leaders
Totalitarianism - 3 Dictators
Germany,Italy, Japan Cartoon
TURN TO P. 750 - BULLET IMPORTANT DETAILS ON BACK OF GR ORG. - NOTES THE DATES!!
Japan in Manchuria
Japanese attack of USS Panay/Nanking China
Japan / China & Hitler & Stalin(Soviet Union portion begins approx 5 min.)
Hitler: Acts of Antisemitism or Violations of the Treaty of Versailles?? You make the call
Read the chart and write your reactions to events in Germany beginning in 1933. Are any of these actions violating the Treaty of Versailles? If so, what should be done about it and who would be responsible for holding Hitler & Germany to the terms of the treaty?
Appeasement -
What is meant by appeasement? Use your text p. 745, translator, phone to define this term.
Have you ever appeased someone? Give an example.
What was Hitler demanding? Did he get his wish? See also p.745. Still not sure, watch this video.
British Presentation Appeasement
Mark up the quotes below & discuss them your partner
Quote Analysis - Neville Chamberlain
Quote Analysis - Winston Churchill
Neville Chamberlain, 1938
Winston Churchill, 1938
Soviet - Non-Aggression Pact - 1939
Opener: What is another word for pact? - Use your textbook, translator, or phone to find a synonym for this term. Think/Write/Pair/Share --- Report to Class
So What? Read pp.747 - Find the term Soviet Non-Aggression Pact(It's not in bold)
Turn-n-Talk to your partner - what is the meaning of this meeting ? Now watch the documentary "Behind Closed Doors".....Then write what you understand
Hitler/Stalin I see/It means
More German Aggression
Map Exercise of German Aggression 1939
Invasion of Poland
Fast Facts - Norway & Denmark
King Christian X of Denmark
Invasion of France, Belgium, Netherlands
Nazi Invasion of France -
This was the 3rd time that France had been invaded by the Germans since 1871!
Eyewitness to History - Hitler Toured Paris for 3 hours
Saving the Masterpieces at the Louvre
Next Target - London & Great Britain -
Simple History of the Blitz
Battle of Britain - The Blitz
eyewitness - the Blitz
Video - American journalist - the Blitz
The History Place Timeline